Key to Worksheet for Reading Latin 4G

Translate the following into idiomatic Latin and be prepared to explain the mood and tense of each of the verbs.

1. If you (pl.) were to escape, our danger would be great.

   si effugiatis, periculum nobis magnum sit.

   RL Grammar 139: Future-less-vivid

2. Did you (sg.) see the man who did this?

   vidistine virum qui hoc fecit?

   RL Grammar 106: Relative pronoun

3. He said that he had seen the man who did this.

   dixit se vidisse virum qui hoc fecisset.

   RL Grammar 142: Subordinate clause in indirect discourse

4. No one who trusts Verres will command us.

   nemo nobis imperabit qui Verri credat.

   RL Grammar 140.1: Relative clause of characteristic

5. If they were not delaying, we would be setting out.

   nisi commorarentur, proficisceremur.

   RL Grammar 139: Present contrary-to-fact

6. When he saw [i.e., had seen] them, he grew angry. [use ubi or ut]

   ubi/ut eos vidit, iratus est.

7. He said that when he saw [i.e., had seen] them, he grew angry. [use ubi or ut]

   dixit se iratum esse ubi/ut eos vidisset.

   RL Grammar 142: Subordinate clause in indirect discourse

8. All the citizens love him, since he has much money. [two versions]

   cives omnes eum amant, cum multam pecuniam habeat. /

   cives omnes eum amant, quippe qui multam pecuniam habeat.

   RL Grammar 140.2: Causal qui clause

9. All the citizens used to love him, since he had much money. [two versions]

   cives omnes eum amabant, cum multam pecuniam haberet. /

   cives omnes eum amabant, quippe qui multam pecuniam haberet.

   RL Grammar 140.2: Causal qui clause

10. If we were to spare them, all the citizens would defend us.

    si eis parcamus, omnes cives nos defendant.

    RL Grammar 139: Future-less-vivid

11. Although he had threatened many of us, he did not dare to kill our sons. [four versions]

    cum multis nostrum minatus esset, filios tamen nostros necare non ausus est. /

    quamvis multis nostrum minatus esset, filios nostros necare non ausus est. /

    quamquam multis nostrum minatus erat, filios nostros necare non ausus est. /

    multis nostrum minatus, filios tamen nostros necare non ausus est.

    RL Grammar 124; 141; 2E Learning Vocabulary; 77-78

12. All those for whom the state is a source of sport/mockery favor Verres. [ludibrium]

    omnes quibus res publica/civitas ludibrio sit, Verri favent.

    RL Grammar 140.1: Relative clause of characteristic

13. If you (sg.) had sent that letter, Diodorus would have fled.

    si illas litteras mitteres, Diodorus fugeret.

    RL Grammar 139: Past contrary-to-fact   [a relatively rare use of the imperfect subjunctive: for the more usual construction, see RL Grammar 173]

14. He was the sort of man whom all the women loved.

    is erat quem omnes feminae amarent.

    RL Grammar 140.1: Relative clause of characteristic

15. I will go to Rome because I fear Verres.

    Romam ibo quod Verrem timeo.

16. He says that he will go to Rome because he fears Verres.

    dicit se Romam iturum esse quod Verrem timeat.

    RL Grammar 142: Subordinate clause in indirect discourse

17. He said that he would go to Rome because he feared Verres.

    dixit se Romam iturum esse quod Verrem timeret.

    RL Grammar 142: Subordinate clause in indirect discourse

18. If I lived in Sicily, I would be braver than you (sg.).

    si in Sicilia habitarem, te fortior essem. /

    si in Sicilia habitarem, fortior quam tu essem.

    RL Grammar 139: Present contrary-to-fact

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