CLAS 220: The Roman Baths
compiled by John Porter, University of Saskatchewan

Terms, Relevant Links Elsewhere on the WWW, and Bibliography for Course Lectures on the Roman Baths.

NOTE: For the most part, links on this page are to relevant material on other WWW sites.
Please do not assume that the material is mine unless the page to which you are directed is clearly marked as being part of this WWW site.

Terms

(Those terms marked with an asterisk are of particular importance.)

For a more complete glossary of terms relating to the Roman baths, visit the
Ancient Baths Resource Site.

• *Thermae
• *Balneae (sg. Balneum)
• Balneator
• *Palaestra
• *Apodyterium
• Soleae
• Ampulla
• Cista
• Endromis
• Trochus
• Pliny 9.36 [Letter CVIII in this collection]
• Petronius, Satyricon 27ff.
  • Trimalchio
  • Pila Trigonalis
  • Sphairisterion
• *Strigil
• Natatio / Piscina
• *Tepidarium
• *Caldarium
  • Alveus / Solium
  • Labrum
• Laconicum
• Sudatorium
• *Frigidarium
• *Hypocaust
  • Fornacator (Fornax vs. Fornix)
• Unctorium / Aleipterion
• Heliocaminus
• Thermae of Caracalla (A.D. 217)
• Thermae of Diocletian (A.D. 306)
  • [PLAN]

Links to Relevant Sites Elsewhere on the WWW

• Ancient Baths Resource Site
• Roman Baths and Bathing
• Virtual Model of the Roman Baths at Colonia Ulpia Traiana (Xanten)   [NOT CURRENTLY FUNCTIONAL]
• The Hadrianic Baths at Leptis Magna
• The History of Plumbing: Pompeii and Herculaneum
• The History of Plumbing: Roman and English Legacy
• Homo Faber: Heating Technology
• The Roman Bath at Isthmia
• The Bath of Faustina at Miletus
• The Skolastikia Bath at Ephesus
• The Varius Bath at Ephesus

Bibliography

A useful bibliography can be found on the Ancient Baths Resource Site.

For a list of journal abbreviations and call numbers, see the
Journals Relating to Classics in the University of Saskatchewan Libraries page.

• Allen, T.J. "Ad Aquas: Roman Spa Bathing in Tunisia," Mouseion 1.2 (2001) 139-66.
• Aurigemma, S. The Baths of Diocletian and the Museo Nazionale Romano. Rome, 1974.
• Baldwin B. "Aquatic sex," LCM 6 (1981) 25.
• Balnearia. The International Association for the Study of Ancient Baths (IASAB).
• Bastomsky, S.J. "A Note on Some Hot Baths and Accelerated Deaths in Nero's Principate," Latomus 52 (1993) 612-16.
• Blyth, P.H. "The Consumption and Cost of Fuel in Hypocaust Baths," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 87-98.
• Boersma, J. "Designing a bath building; the plan of the late-Roman baths at Valesio," in M. Gnade, ed., Stips votiva. Papers presented to C.M.Stibbe (Amsterdam, 1991) 11-19.
• Brödner, E. Die römischen Thermen und das antike Badewesen: eine kulturhistorische Betrachtung. Darmstadt 1983.
• Brundrett, N.G.R., and C.J. Simpson. "Innovation and the Baths of Agrippa," Athenaeum 85 (1997) 220-27.
• Bruun, C. "Public baths in the Roman West [Review Article]," JRA 15 (2002) 459-65.
• Bruun, C. "Owernership of Baths in Rome and the Evidence from Lead Pipe Installations," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 75-85.
• Busch, S. Versus balnearum: die antike Dichtung über Bäder und Baden im römischen Reich. Stuttgart and Leipzig, 1999.
• Clarke, J. "Hypersexual black men in Augustan baths: ideal somatotypes and apotropaic magic," in N.B. Kampen, ed., Sexuality in Ancient Art. Near East, Egypt, Greece, and Italy (Cambridge, 1996) 184-198.
• Clarke, J.R. "Look who is laughing at sex: Men and women viewers in the Apodyterium of the Suburban Baths at Pompeii," in D. Fredrick, ed., The Roman Gaze. Vision, Power and the Body (Baltimore, 2002) 149-181.
• Coleman, K. "Roman Baths and Bathing," ClIre 8 (2001) 121-32.
• Cook, J.M. "Bath-Tubs in Ancient Greece," G&R 6 (1959) 31-41.
• Cunliffe, B.W. Roman Bath Discovered. London, 1984.
• Dauphin, C. "Brothels, Baths and Babes: Prostitution in the Byzantine Holy Land," ClIre 3 (1996) 47-72.
• DeLaine, J. "Bathing and Society," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 8-16.
• DeLaine, J. "Baths," in S. Hornblower and A. Spawforth, eds., The Oxford Classical Dictionary (Third Edition; Oxford, 1996) 235-236.
• DeLaine, J. "Benefactions and Urban Renewal: Bath Buildings in Roman Italy," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 67-74.
• DeLaine, J. "New models, old modes: continuity and change in the design of public baths," in H.-J. Schalles, H. von Hesberg and P. Zanker, eds., Die römische Stadt im 2. Jahrhundert n.Chr. Der Funktionswandel des öffentlichen Raumes (Köln, 1992) 257-275.
• DeLaine, J. "Recent Research on Roman Baths," JRA 1 (1988) 11-32.
• DeLaine, J. "Roman Baths and Bathing," JRA 6 (1993) 348-58.
• DeLaine, J. "Some observations on the transition from Greek to Roman baths in Hellenistic Italy," Mediterranean Archaeology 2 (1989) 111-125.
• DeLaine, J. The Baths of Caracalla: A Study in the Design, Construction, and Economics of Large-scale Building Projects in Imperial Rome. Portsmouth [RI], 1997.
• Dodge, H. "Amusing the Masses: Buildings for Entertainment and Leisure in the Roman World," in D.S. Potter and D.J. Mattingly, eds., Life, Death, and Entertainment in the Roman Empire (Ann Arbor, 1999) 205-55.
• Dunbabin, K.M.D. "Dangers of the Baths," in Akten des XIII. Internationalen Kongresses für Klassische Archäologie Berlin 1988 (Mainz, 1990) 564-565.
• Fagan, G.G. "Bathing in the Backwaters," JRA 10 (1997) 520-23.
• Fagan, G.G. "Hygienic Conditions in Roman Public Baths," in G.C.M. Jansen, ed., Cura Aquarum in Sicilia (Leiden, 2000) 281-88.
• Fagan, G.G. "Interpreting the Evidence: Did Slaves Bathe at the Baths ?" in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 25-34.
• Fagan, G.G. "The Genesis of the Roman Public Bath: Recent Approaches and Future Directions," AJA 105 (2001) 403-26.
• Fagan, G.G. "Bathing for Health with Celsus and Pliny the Elder," CQ 56.1 (2006) 190-207.
• Fagan, G.G. Bathing in Public in the Roman World. Ann Arbor, 1999.
• Farrington, A. "The Introduction and Spread of Roman Bathing in Greece," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 57-66.
• Farrington, A. The Roman baths of Lycia. An architectural study. Ankara, 1995.
• Foerster, G. "Hellenistic baths in Israel," in Akten des XIII. Internationalen Kongresses für Klassische Archäologie Berlin 1988 (Mainz, 1990) 439.
• Forbes, C.A. "Expanded Uses of the Greek Gymnasium," CP 40 (1945) 32-42.
• Forbes, R.J. "Heating," in Studies in Ancient Technology, vol. 6, (Leiden, 1964) 36-57.
• Foss, C. "Aleipterion," GRBS 16 (1975) 217-26.
• Gardiner, N. Athletics in the Ancient World. Oxford, 1930.
• Glass, S.L. "The Greek Gymnasium: Some Problems," in W.J. Rasche, ed., The Archaeology of the Olympics (Madison, 1988) 155-73.
• Haan, N. de. "Nam nihl melius esse quam sine turba lavari. Privatbäder in den Vesuvstädten," Mededel. van het Nederlands Instituut te Rome, Antiquity 56 (1997) 205-26.
• Hartmann, R. "Das Laconicum der römischen Thermen," Röischen Mitteilungen 35 (1920) 152-69.
• Heinz, W. Römischen Thermen, Badewesen und Badeluxus in romischen Reich. Munich, 1983.
• Herrmann, J.J., Jr. (1976) "Observations on the Baths of Maxentius in the Palace," MDAI(R) 83 (1976) 403-424.
• Heschong, L. Thermal Delight in Architecture. Cambridge [Mass.], 1979.
• Hodge, A.T. Roman Aqueducts and Water Supply. London, 1992.
• Humphrey, J.W., J.P. Oleson, and A.N. Sherwood. Greek and Roman Technology: A Sourcebook. London and New York, 1998.
• Jackson, R. "Spas, Waters, and Hydrotherapy in the Roman World," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 107-116.
• Jackson, R. "Waters and Spas in the Classical World," in R. Porter, ed., The Medicinal History of Waters and Spas, Suppl. 10 (London, 1990) 1-12.
• Jacobelli, L. Le pitture erotiche delle Terme Suburbane di Pompei. Rome, 1995.
• Johnston, D., and J. DeLaine, eds. Roman Baths and Bathing. Portsmouth, 1999.
• Keppie, L. "A Roman Bath-house at Duntocher on the Antonine Wall," Britannia 35 (2004) 179-224.
• Manderscheid, H. "The Water Management of Greek and Roman Baths," in O. Wikander, ed., Handbook of Ancient Water Technology (Leiden, Boston, and Köln, 2000) 467-535.
• Moormann, E., J. Prins, and D. Yntema. Mutatio Valentia. The late Roman baths at Valesio, Salento. Amsterdam, 1995.
• Nash, E. Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Second edition. London, 1968.
• Neudecker, R. Die Pracht der Latrine. Zum Wandel öffentlicher Bedürfnisanstalten in der kaiserzeitlichen Stadt. Munich, 1994.
• Aicher, P. J. Guide to the Aqueducts of Ancient Rome. Wauconda, 1995.
• Nielsen, I. Thermae et Balnea: The Architecture and Cultural History of Roman Public Baths. Aarhus, 1990.
• Pasquinucci, M., ed. Terme romane e vita quotidiana. Modena, 1987.
• Rebuffat, R. "Vocabulaire thermal: documents sur le bain romain," in Les Thermes romains: actes de la table ronde organisée par l'Ecole française de Rome: Rome, 11-12 novembre 1988 (Rome, 1991) 1-34.
• Revell, L. "Military Bath-houses in Britain a Comment," Britannia 38 (2007) 230-37.
• Ring, J.W. "Windows, Baths, and Solar Energy in the Roman Empire," AJA 100 (1996) 717-24.
• Rook, T. "The Development and Operation of Roman Hypocausts," American Journal of Archaeological Science 5 (1978) 269-82.
• Sandklef, A., and D. Selling. "The Heating of Classical Thermae," Opuscula romana 11 (1976) 123-25.
• Scobie, A. "Slums, Sanitation, and Mortality in the Roman World," Klio 68:2 (1986) 399-433.
• Scodel, R. "Dance as Power: The Women at the Baths in Roman Scandals," Helios 32.2 (2005) 127-41.
• Sears, J.M. "A Greek Bath," AJA 8 (1904) 216-26.
• Les Thermes romains: actes de la table ronde organisée par l'Ecole française de Rome: Rome, 11-12 novembre 1988. Rome, 1991.
• Van Deman, E.B. The Building of the Roman Aqueducts. Washington, D.C., 1934.
• Ward, R.B. "Women In Roman Baths," HTR 85.2 (1992) 125ff.
• Warden, P.G. "The Domus Aurea Reconsidered," Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 40 (1981) 271-78.
• Wassenhoven, M.-E. The bath in Greece in classical antiquity: the Peloponnese. Oxford, 2012.
• Weber, M. Antike Badekultur. Munich, 1996.
• Wilkes, J.J. "Approaching Roman Baths," in J. DeLaine and D.E. Johnston, eds., Roman Baths and Bathing (Portsmouth, 1999) 17-23.
• Yegül, F.; Couch, T. "Building a Roman bath for the cameras," JRA 16 (2003) 153-77.
• Yegül, F.K. "The Roman Baths at Isthmia in their Mediterranean context," in T. Gregory, ed., Corinthia in the Roman Period (Ann Arbor, 1994) 95-113.
• Yegül, F.K. "Water — Baths and Bathing in Roman Antioch," in C. Kondoleon, ed., Antioch: Lost Ancient City (Princeton and Worcester [Mass.], 2000) 146-53.
• Yegül, F.K. "The Small City Bath in Classical Antiquity and a Reconstruction Study of Lucian's 'Baths of Hippias,'" Archeologia Classica 31 (1979) 108-31.
• Yegül, F.K. Baths and Bathing in Classical Antiquity. New York, 1992.
• Zajac, N. "Did the Romans go to the baths to get clean or be dirty?" Omnibus 32 (September, 1996) 16-20.

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