Fault Types
Fold Structures
Outline
Faults are planar discontinuity surfaces along which there has been significant displacement in shear. In common with all planar structures, a fault has a strike and dip.
The footwall block is a mining term and refers to the fault blockfor which a miner could stand on the fault plane (the left hand block in the diagram). The hanging wall block is the block that would be overhead. In general (unless the fault is vertical), there will both a vertical and horizontal component of movement. The vertical movement is called the throw and the horizontal component the heave.
A small normal fault.
Fault Types
Fold Structures
Outline